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Sexual Health & Chronics 5 min read June 4, 2026
Endometriosis: Pathophysiology and Treatment
Written by SEDU Medical Board
Endometriosis: Pathophysiology and Treatment
Endometriosis occurs when endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus, causing chronic pain and inflammation.
#### Common Symptoms
- Dysmenorrhea: Extremely painful menstrual cramps.
- Dyspareunia: Pain during or after sexual intercourse.
- Chronic Pelvic Pain: Constant, dull, or sharp pain throughout the cycle.
- Subfertility: Difficulty conceiving due to pelvic adhesions.
#### Treatment Strategies
- Medical Management: NSAIDs for pain relief; hormonal therapies (progestins, GnRH agonists) to suppress ovulation and endometrial growth.
- Surgical Management: Laparoscopic excision of lesions. Excision surgery is preferred over ablation to reduce recurrence.