The Complete Guide to Contraceptives

Understanding contraceptive options is key to reproductive freedom. Contraceptives can be categorized into hormonal, non-hormonal, barrier, and permanent methods.

#### 1. Hormonal Contraception

Hormonal methods alter a person's endocrine cycle to prevent ovulation, thin the uterine lining, or thicken cervical mucus.

• Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill: Contains estrogen and progesterone. Needs to be taken daily.
• Progesterone-Only Pill (Mini-pill): An alternative for individuals sensitive to estrogen.
• Hormonal IUD (e.g., Mirena): Releaes levonorgestrel directly into the uterus, thinning the endometrium.
• Contraceptive Implant (Nexplanon): A small rod placed under the arm skin, effective for up to 3 years.

#### 2. Non-Hormonal Contraception

For individuals who prefer to avoid synthetic hormones.

• Copper IUD (ParaGard): Triggers a local inflammatory response that is toxic to sperm, preventing fertilization. Effective up to 10 years.
• Barrier Methods: Male and female condoms. Condoms are unique because they are the only method that also protects against Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs).

#### 3. Choosing the Right Option

Talk to a healthcare provider to weigh factors such as ease of use, side-effects, and efficacy rate (typical vs. perfect use).